![]() ![]() Of the ATP synthase lollipop, which projects on the matrix side (N-phase) Matrix space, because the catalytic sites are on the F 1 head The synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by intact mitochondria occurs in the The transport of ATP, ADP and phosphate across the mitochondrial membrane To give water chains can be clearly seen (stop the rotation, and zoom in).ĭiagram of the proton circuits for the major energy conserving electron Of water is also of interest in this model, because the H-bonding interactions Shown), and a liquid cystalline state, as shown here. The model was then put through a molecularĭynamics run to simulate heating to give, successively, a gel state (not Waters were added, to give layers several moleculesĭeep on either side of the membrane. The membrane was generated in a crystalline state by replicating phospholipids in an ordered array to give a bilayer. Membrane in the liquid crystalline state using a model from Klaus Schulten's lab. Physical chemistry of coupling between electron transfer and H +-transport Mitchellian proton pumps are shown, with the uptake and release of protons The electrogenic (white arrows) and neutral arms (blue arrows) of the Right: A dimer of the bc 1 complex containing two monomers, each with the three catalytic subunits. Left: The photochemical reaction center, surrounded by the light harvestingĬomplex, LH1 cytochrome c is docked against the reaction center. ![]() Supramolecular machine defined at the atomic scale. On X-ray crystallographic structures at atomic resolution, - the first Has all components represented by models of the active components based The photosynthetic chain of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, shownĪs two Mitchellian proton pumping loops. Mitchellian proton pumping loops in the best defined electron transferĬhain, that for the photosynthetic apparatus of Rb. (net) in an electrogenic proton pumping loop. The opposite direction, thus allowing the loop to carry 1 H + Species) across the membrane, and its oxidation on the other side by anĮlectron carrier would lead to release of a H + electron transferīack across the membrane would carry a -ve charge across the membrane in Lead to uptake of H + the diffusion of the H-carrier (as a neutral The reduction of a H-carrier by an electron carrier in one phase would If they contained alternate electron carrying and H-carrying spans of redoxĬouples arranged so as to transport electrons and hydrogen vectorially Mitchell suggested that electron transport chains could act as proton pumps The proton circuit: coupling through the proton gradient ![]()
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